Regarding periodontal disease, many people are very concerned about it. In order to help everyone understand, the editor has organized “What is periodontal disease? Detailed introduction!” The details are as follows! please check!
Periodontal disease is one of the most common diseases in humans. Plaque, inflammation is thought to be the cause of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a multifactorial disease, and no single factor can cause periodontal tissue destruction and tooth loss. When a balance is maintained between bacterial invasion and host defense functions, the periodontal is in a healthy state. Both internal and external factors can affect this balance dynamic.
Exogenous factors (local facilitators), such as poor oral hygiene, calculus, food impaction, traumatic occlusion, iatrogenic factors, poor contact points, smoking, etc., endogenous factors (systemic facilitators), such as Poor endocrine function, metabolic disorder, immune deficiency, chronic wasting disease, malnutrition, genetic factors, etc., weaken the host’s resistance, making the periodontal tissue susceptible to bacterial damage, and thus prone to periodontal disease.
The periodontal pocket, also known as the periodontal blind pocket, is located around the teeth and is formed after the periodontal tissue becomes inflamed. It is impossible to see which tooth has a periodontal pocket on the surface. It must be checked with a sharp oral probe or a special periodontal pocket probe to know whether there is a periodontal pocket and its depth.
A tooth can have several periodontal pockets, which are medically called buccal periodontal pockets, lingual periodontal pockets, mesial periodontal pockets, and distal periodontal pockets. If further subdivided, periodontal pockets can be further divided into supraosseous pockets and intraosseous pockets, etc.
Why are the periodontal pockets so finely divided? Because the formation of the periodontal pocket indicates that the tooth has periodontitis, the periodontal pocket is an important sign for the clinical diagnosis of periodontitis and is the result of inflammation.
So how is the periodontal pocket formed? It is generally believed that the periodontal pocket is due to the periodontal tissue being stimulated by bacterial infection and local factors, especially the plaque that stimulates the gums, causing inflammation and necrosis of the gum tissue, and the inflammation continues along the root of the tooth. The root of the tooth develops in the direction of the apex, thus forming a pathological capsular bag and at the same time causing the destruction of the alveolar bone.
This kind of pouch is easy to accumulate food and bacteria, which often causes clinical symptoms such as pus in the pouch and swelling of the pouch wall. So periodontal pockets are said to be deepening of the gingival sulcus. The tissue in the periodontal pocket is granulation tissue, which is easily inflamed, so the periodontal pocket can be repeatedly infected for a long time and cannot heal on its own. If the periodontal pocket reaches the apex of the tooth, causing the tooth to fall out, the periodontal pocket can heal at this time.
Why can’t the periodontal pocket heal on its own when the tooth is there? Some people think that there is a substance in the periodontal pocket that can destroy the periodontal tissue. Some people imagine that this substance is osteoclasts, but after the study of experimental periodontal pockets, the existence of osteoclasts has not yet been found
