Fillings are a common dental treatment used to restore teeth damaged by cavities or minor fractures. They can last for many years, but they aren’t invulnerable. Over time, various factors can cause fillings to wear out, loosen, or even fall out entirely. When this happens, it can be an unpleasant and sometimes painful experience, often requiring immediate dental attention.
Understanding the causes, lifespan, and preventive measures for fillings can help maintain oral health and prevent premature loss of fillings. This article will explain why fillings may fall out, how often this happens, and how to prolong their lifespan.
What Are Dental Fillings?
Dental fillings are materials that a dentist uses to fill in the space left after cleaning out a cavity or repairing minor tooth damage. Fillings restore the structure and functionality of a tooth, preventing further decay and allowing normal chewing.
Why Do Fillings Fall Out?
Wear and Tear Over Time
Fillings are constantly subjected to biting and chewing forces, which gradually wear them down. Over the years, these daily forces can cause fillings to loosen, especially if they are on molars or other teeth involved in heavy chewing. Fillings do not last forever, and even the most durable materials eventually show signs of wear.
Poor Dental Hygiene
A filling can fall out if the tooth around it becomes decayed or damaged. Poor dental hygiene allows plaque to build up around the edges of the filling, which can lead to further decay. If the decay progresses, it weakens the tooth structure, compromising the stability of the filling and increasing the risk of it falling out.
Type of Filling Material
Different materials have different durability levels. Amalgam fillings, for example, are known for their strength and typically last longer than composite resin fillings, which are more prone to wear and staining. The type of filling chosen can impact its longevity and likelihood of falling out.
Diet and Habits
Certain dietary habits can put more stress on fillings. Chewing hard foods, such as ice or hard candy, can weaken or dislodge fillings over time. Additionally, habits like grinding or clenching the teeth, also known as bruxism, apply excessive pressure to fillings, increasing the risk of them falling out.
Age of the Filling
With time, fillings naturally degrade, especially if they are exposed to wear and tear. Older fillings are more likely to fall out because the material used may have become brittle or the bond with the tooth has weakened over time.
How Long Do Fillings Typically Last?
Amalgam Fillings
Amalgam fillings are a blend of metals, including silver, mercury, and tin. They are very durable and can last anywhere from 10 to 15 years or longer. However, they can fall out prematurely if the tooth around them becomes decayed or if they are subjected to significant wear.
Composite Resin Fillings
Composite fillings are tooth-colored and blend with the natural tooth, making them popular for visible teeth. However, they may last only 5 to 10 years on average, as they are more prone to wear and discoloration compared to amalgam fillings. Composite fillings may also fall out if they are in areas that receive a lot of chewing force.
Ceramic and Porcelain Fillings
Ceramic or porcelain fillings are strong and aesthetically pleasing, often used for larger restorations like inlays and onlays. They can last between 10 and 15 years with proper care. Despite their durability, ceramic fillings can fall out if exposed to excessive pressure or if the tooth underneath decays.
Glass Ionomer Fillings
Glass ionomer fillings release fluoride and are often used for children or in areas that do not undergo heavy chewing. These fillings generally last around 5 years, making them less durable than other options. They are more likely to fall out sooner, especially if they are placed in high-stress areas in the mouth.
How Often Do Fillings Actually Fall Out?
The frequency of fillings falling out varies depending on the patient’s dental hygiene, habits, and the filling material. Studies suggest that:
- Amalgam fillings may fall out in around 5–10% of cases within the first 10 years.
- Composite fillings have a slightly higher failure rate, especially in larger cavities, with approximately 10–15% failing within the first 10 years.
- Ceramic fillings generally have a low failure rate due to their strength but may still fall out if placed in high-stress areas or not bonded well.
- Glass ionomer fillings are more prone to early failure, particularly in high-pressure areas, with a failure rate of around 20% within five years.
Signs That a Filling May Be Falling Out
Sensitivity to Hot and Cold
Increased sensitivity in the filled tooth can indicate that the filling is loosening. As the bond weakens, hot or cold food and drinks can create discomfort.
Feeling a Rough or Uneven Surface
A rough or uneven texture on a filled tooth can indicate that the filling has started to shift or erode, making it more likely to fall out.
Pain When Chewing
Pain or discomfort when chewing could mean the filling is no longer securely bonded. This issue needs immediate attention to prevent further damage.
Visible Cracks or Gaps
If you can see cracks or gaps around the filling, it may be a sign that it’s loosening. Over time, food particles and bacteria can enter these gaps, causing additional decay and further weakening the bond.
What To Do If a Filling Falls Out
If a filling falls out, it’s essential to visit the dentist as soon as possible to prevent further decay or infection. Before you reach the dentist, you can:
- Rinse your mouth with warm salt water to keep the area clean.
- Avoid chewing on that side to prevent further damage.
- Use dental cement (available at drugstores) to temporarily fill the hole, if advised by a dentist.
How To Prolong the Life of Fillings
Maintain Good Oral Hygiene
Regular brushing and flossing remove plaque and reduce the risk of decay around the filling. Use fluoride toothpaste to strengthen the tooth and protect the area around the filling.
Avoid Hard or Sticky Foods
Limit hard foods and avoid chewing on hard objects like ice or pen caps. Sticky foods like caramel or gummy candies can pull at the filling, increasing the chance it will come loose.
Consider a Night Guard
If you grind or clench your teeth, a night guard can help protect fillings from excessive pressure, reducing the likelihood of them falling out.
Regular Dental Checkups
Routine dental visits allow your dentist to monitor the condition of your fillings. They can spot early signs of wear, cracks, or decay, addressing potential problems before a filling falls out.
Choose the Right Filling Material
Work with your dentist to choose a filling material that suits your needs. For instance, amalgam may be a better choice for molars due to its durability, while composite may be preferable for front teeth due to its natural appearance.
Can Fillings Be Replaced?
If a filling falls out, it can usually be replaced with another filling or a crown, depending on the extent of the damage. Your dentist will assess the tooth’s condition to determine whether a new filling will suffice or if a crown or other restoration may be a more suitable option.
Conclusion
While fillings are durable, they are not immune to falling out over time. The lifespan of a filling depends on factors like material, oral hygiene, dietary habits, and the specific placement in the mouth. Understanding these factors and practicing good oral hygiene can help prolong the life of your fillings and reduce the chances of them falling out.
If you experience any discomfort or notice signs that a filling may be loose, consult your dentist for an assessment. Regular dental checkups and choosing the right filling material based on your needs can ensure that your dental work remains stable and effective for years to come.
Related topics:
