Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a common condition that affects the gums and the bone that supports the teeth. It is caused by the buildup of plaque on the teeth, which can lead to inflammation and infection of the gums. While periodontal disease can cause a range of oral health problems, it can also have serious effects on overall health.
In this article, we’ll explore the health problems that can be caused by periodontal disease.
Cardiovascular disease
Research has shown a link between periodontal disease and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. It is believed that the bacteria from the mouth can enter the bloodstream and contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to heart attacks and strokes.
Diabetes
People with diabetes are more likely to develop periodontal disease, and the presence of periodontal disease can make it more difficult to control blood sugar levels. This can lead to complications such as kidney disease, nerve damage, and vision loss.
Respiratory infections
The bacteria from periodontal disease can also enter the lungs and cause respiratory infections such as pneumonia. This is particularly dangerous for people with weakened immune systems, such as the elderly or people with chronic illnesses.
Pregnancy complications
Pregnant women with periodontal disease are at an increased risk of premature birth and low birth weight babies. The bacteria from the mouth can also enter the placenta and cause infections that can harm the developing fetus.
Dementia
A study published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease found a link between periodontal disease and an increased risk of dementia. The bacteria from the mouth can enter the bloodstream and travel to the brain, causing inflammation and damage to brain cells.
In addition to these health problems, periodontal disease can also cause tooth loss, gum recession, and chronic bad breath. Treatment for periodontal disease depends on the severity of the condition, and may include professional cleanings, scaling and root planing, and surgical interventions.
In conclusion, periodontal disease is a common condition that can have serious effects on overall health. It is important to practice good oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing regularly, to prevent periodontal disease. If you are experiencing symptoms of periodontal disease, such as bleeding gums, bad breath, or loose teeth, it’s important to see a dentist or dental hygienist for an evaluation and treatment. By treating periodontal disease, you can not only improve your oral health, but also reduce your risk of serious health problems.
