Experts are sounding the alarm on the significant impact that poor oral hygiene can have on overall health, linking it to serious conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, type 2 diabetes, and even erectile dysfunction.
While most children in the UK are taught the importance of brushing their teeth twice a day, many adults remain unaware of the far-reaching effects that dental care—or the lack of it—can have on their overall well-being.
The human mouth is home to more than 700 species of bacteria. When the balance of these microorganisms, known as the oral microbiome, is disturbed, it can lead to health issues beyond just cavities or gum disease.
One particularly concerning bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis, is known for its link to gum disease. Research has shown that this bacterium can travel from the mouth to the brain, where it has been found in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. It is thought that P. gingivalis can cross the blood-brain barrier, potentially affecting neurons. Studies, including one from Alzheimer’s Research UK, suggest that targeting the toxic substances produced by this bacterium could help prevent the buildup of amyloid proteins, a key feature of Alzheimer’s.
Oral health is also closely connected to metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. A study by the British Heart Foundation revealed that individuals with gum disease are 69% more likely to develop diabetes, which in turn increases their risk of heart disease. The inflammation caused by gum disease is believed to trigger insulin resistance, making it difficult for the body to regulate blood sugar. Some experts also suggest that bacteria from the mouth can travel through the bloodstream and affect the heart, further contributing to cardiovascular problems.
Dr. Victoria Sampson, a dentist at the Health Society, explained that harmful oral bacteria can disrupt blood flow by releasing destructive enzymes that impair blood vessel function. “You’re three times more likely to experience erectile dysfunction if you have gum disease,” she noted, underlining the far-reaching consequences of poor oral health.
The link between oral bacteria and cancer is also gaining attention. Fusobacterium nucleatum, a bacterium found in the mouth, has been detected in colorectal tumors. Researchers are now investigating potential connections between the oral microbiome and other cancers, including those of the pancreas, breast, and prostate.
To promote good oral health and reduce the risk of these serious conditions, experts recommend brushing twice a day, limiting sugar intake, and visiting the dentist regularly. Additionally, using tools like a tongue scraper and electric toothbrush can enhance your oral hygiene routine, while dental floss can help remove bacteria from areas between the teeth that are hard to reach.
When choosing toothpaste, it’s advisable to avoid those containing sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), a foaming agent that can strip the skin inside the mouth and disrupt the microbiome. SLS-free options are available from well-known brands such as Colgate, Corsodyl, and Sensodyne.
Staying hydrated is another key factor in maintaining oral health. Saliva plays a crucial role in balancing the oral microbiome by providing nutrients to beneficial bacteria, flushing out harmful bacteria, and helping to break down sugars.
Incorporating these habits into your daily routine can help protect not only your teeth but also your overall health, highlighting the importance of oral hygiene as a foundation for well-being.
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