A recent survey by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) has revealed alarming statistics about the prevalence of tooth erosion in Finland, with 71% of individuals experiencing minor tooth erosion, and 17% suffering from moderate to severe cases. The Healthy Finland population survey, which assessed the oral health of Finnish adults, highlights the widespread nature of this dental issue.
According to THL, tooth erosion is particularly common among younger age groups. Minor erosion affects 53% of women aged 20 to 34, and as many as 78% of men in the same age bracket. Erosion occurs when tooth enamel, the hard protective outer layer, is worn away, often due to acidic foods and drinks. The survey identified acidic beverages like energy and sports drinks as primary culprits, as they soften enamel and accelerate its deterioration.
In some cases, conditions such as acid reflux or eating disorders, including bulimia, can contribute to tooth erosion by introducing acidic stomach fluid into the mouth. Professor Liisa Suominen, who led the oral health section of the Healthy Finland Survey, explained that once enamel is lost, it cannot regenerate. The softer dentine beneath the enamel becomes exposed, which erodes more quickly and can lead to heightened tooth sensitivity. Furthermore, the loss of enamel can affect the bite and cause aesthetic damage, including the yellowing of teeth due to the exposed dentine.
Preventative measures, according to THL, include limiting the consumption of acidic foods and drinks to mealtimes and rinsing the mouth with water or milk afterward. In addition, regular oral hygiene practices, such as brushing with a soft toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste twice a day, and using xylitol products after meals, can help prevent both erosion and cavities.
However, experts caution against brushing teeth immediately after consuming acidic foods or beverages, as this can exacerbate the erosion. It is recommended to brush either before eating or wait at least 30 minutes after eating to avoid further damage.
Professor Suominen emphasized the importance of early intervention, noting that treating advanced tooth erosion is both costly and time-consuming. In severe cases, treatment may require composite fillings or dental crowns. “The most important thing is to prevent damage from occurring in the first place or intervene as early as possible,” she stated.
The survey also highlighted broader oral health concerns in Finland. Nearly 74% of adults have at least one deepened gingival pocket of four millimeters, a sign of periodontitis, a serious gum disease. Furthermore, 39% of participants had at least one tooth with cavities. Periodontitis has been linked to other significant health conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Chief Dentist Ulla Harjunmaa, co-author of the report, stressed the importance of consistent oral health care. “Filling teeth and replacing old fillings consume the most resources in dental care and are also costly for the patient. Untreated dental issues can lead to severe infections that may require intensive hospital care,” she said.
The 2023 survey, which included nearly 2,000 Finnish adults aged 20 and over, underscores the need for proactive dental care and regular professional checkups to avoid serious complications.
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